Spatiotemporal Patterns Evolution of Residential Areas and Transportation Facilities Based on Multi-Source Data: A Case Study of Xi’an, China

The spatiotemporal patterns of residential and supporting service facilities are critical to effective urban planning. However, with growing sprawl congestion, the spatial distribution evolutionary characteristics these areas show significant uncertainty. This research was conducted for six phases from 2012 2022, incorporating datasets point interest (POI) data transportation (RATFs) OpenStreetMap (OSM) data. Using exploratory analysis (ESDA) standard deviation ellipse, we investigated directional RATFs in Xi’an, as well their evolution underlying causes. demonstrated that: (1) Xi’an exhibits non-uniform gradually evolving patterns, agglomeration over past decade. Residential (RAs) exhibit a autocorrelation that is high middle low surrounding areas, while (TFs) southern northern areas. (2) Overall, number has continued increase, they autocorrelation. Specifically, trend RAs concentrating central city become increasingly prominent, TFs have expanded center north. (3) Furthermore, perspective supply–demand matching, this study proposes targeted adjustment strategies RATFs. It provides references optimization new ideas practical experience methods based on multi-source